INTERACTIVE ENCYCLOPAEDIA
Amperatronics2026
0GUIDES
0+CALCULATORS
Before you start
Ohm's Law
V = I × R

The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. If you know two, you can find the third.

Kirchhoff's Laws
ΣV = 0 · ΣI = 0

Voltage around any loop sums to zero (KVL). Current into any node sums to zero (KCL).

AC / DC Basics
V(t) = Vₚ sin(ωt)

DC is constant; AC alternates. RMS voltage = Vₚ / √2. Frequency ω = 2πf.

Reactive Impedance
Xc = 1/ωC · XL = ωL

Capacitors block DC, pass AC. Inductors do the opposite. Impedance depends on frequency.

Decibels
dB = 20 log₁₀(V₂/V₁)

6 dB ≈ ×2 voltage. 20 dB = ×10. A logarithmic ratio scale for comparing signal levels.

Fundamentals
Circuit Topologies
Power & Output
Applications
Practical & Reference
Reference Articles
Fundamentals · 10 min

How Vacuum Tubes Work

From heated cathode to amplified signal

Fundamentals · 12 min

Triode vs Tetrode vs Pentode

Three architectures, three characters

Technical · 15 min

Understanding Loadlines

The graphical key to amplifier design

Technical · 10 min

Biasing Methods

Setting the operating point

Technical · 12 min

Reading a Datasheet

Decoding tube specifications

Audio · 10 min

Parameters & Sound

Why specs predict sonic character

Audiophile · 8 min

Tube Rolling

The art of sonic exploration

Safety · 6 min

High Voltage Safety

Lethal voltages demand respect